Linux Shell or “Terminal”

Linux Shell or “Terminal”

 

So, basically, a shell is a program that receives commands from the user and gives it 

to the OS to process, and it shows the output. Linux's shell is its main part. Its distros 

come in GUI (graphical user interface), but basically, Linux has a CLI (command 

line interface).

Linux Commands 

Basic Command's

 pwd — When you first open the terminal, you are in the home 

directory of your user. To know which directory you are in, you can 

use the “pwd” command. It gives us the absolute path, which means 

the path that starts from the root. The root is the base of the Linux file 

system. It is denoted by a forward slash( / ).

cd — Use the "cd" command to go to a directory. For example, if

you are in the home folder, and you want to go to the downloads

folder, then you can type in “cd Downloads”. Remember, this

command is case sensitive, and you have to type in the name of

the folder exactly as it is.

ls — Use the "ls" command to know what files are in the directory you

are in. You can see all the hidden files by using the command “ls -a”.

mkdir & rmdir — Use the mkdir command when you need to create a

folder or a directory. For example, if you want to make a directory

called “hackwithak”, then you can type

“mkdir hackwithak”.

rm - Use the rm command to delete files and directories. Use "rm -r" 

to delete just the directory. It deletes both the folder and the files it 

contains when using only the rm command.

 touch — The touch command is used to create a file. It can be

anything, from an empty txt file to an empty zip file. For example,

“touch new.txt”.

cp — Use the cp command to copy files through the command line. It

takes two arguments: The first is the location of the file to be copied,

the second is where to copy.

mv — Use the mv command to move files through the command line.

We can also use the mv command to rename a file.

locate — The locate command is used to locate a file in a Linux

system, just like the search command in Windows. This command is

useful when you don't know where a file is saved or the actual name of  the file.

nano, vi, jed — nano and vi are already installed text editors in the 

Linux command line. The nano command is a good text editor that 

denotes keywords with color and can recognize most languages. 

And vi is simpler than nano. You can create a new file or modify a file 

using this editor.

cat — Use the cat command to display the contents of a file. It is

usually used to easily view programs.